Аннотация:
Cobalt is an essential trace element that is known to mimic hypoxia and hypoxic training. Inorganic Co compounds are capable of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation, resulting in up-regulation of gene expression including erythropoietin (Epo). Experimental studies have demonstrated that Co treatment may increase hypoxic tolerance of different tissues, improve muscle metabolism and exercise performance. Other mechanisms may also involve modulation of steroid hormone and iron metabolism. Based on these experimental studies, in 2017 inorganic cobalt compounds were added into the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list as doping agents. However, the existing data on beneficial effects of cobalt on exercise performance in athletes are scarce. Similarly, only experimental studies demonstrated exercise-induced decrease in tissue Co levels, whereas human data are inconsistent. In addition, multiple studies have demonstrated that excessive Co intake may be toxic due to prooxida
Ключевые слова:
Cobalt; Doping; Hypoxia; Iron metabolism; Performance
cobalt; athlete; doping; health hazard; human; hypoxia; law; metabolism; physical activity; physiology; Review; sport
Skal`ny'j A. V. Anatolij Viktorovich 1962-
Zaitseva I. P.
Gluhcheva Y. G.
Skalny A. A.
Achkasov E. E. Evgenij Evgenyevich 1974-
Skal`naya M. G. Margarita Gennadievna 1968-
Tin`kov A. A. Aleksej Alekseevich 1989-
Скальный А. В. Анатолий Викторович 1962-
Заицева И. П.
Глухчева Y. Г.
Скалнy А. А.
Ачкасов Е. Е. Евгений Евгеньевич 1974-
Скальная М. Г. Маргарита Геннадиевна 1968-
Тиньков А. А. Алексей Алексеевич 1989-
Cobalt in athletes: Hypoxia and doping – New crossroads
Текст визуальный непосредственный
Journal of Applied Biomedicine
University of South Bohemia
Vol.17, Issue1 P. 21-28
2019
Обзор
Cobalt Doping Hypoxia Iron metabolism Performance
cobalt athlete doping health hazard human hypoxia law metabolism physical activity physiology Review sport
Cobalt is an essential trace element that is known to mimic hypoxia and hypoxic training. Inorganic Co compounds are capable of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation, resulting in up-regulation of gene expression including erythropoietin (Epo). Experimental studies have demonstrated that Co treatment may increase hypoxic tolerance of different tissues, improve muscle metabolism and exercise performance. Other mechanisms may also involve modulation of steroid hormone and iron metabolism. Based on these experimental studies, in 2017 inorganic cobalt compounds were added into the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited list as doping agents. However, the existing data on beneficial effects of cobalt on exercise performance in athletes are scarce. Similarly, only experimental studies demonstrated exercise-induced decrease in tissue Co levels, whereas human data are inconsistent. In addition, multiple studies have demonstrated that excessive Co intake may be toxic due to prooxida