New biomarkers of acute mesenteric ischemia

The acute mesenteric ischemia is one of the most complex problems in the urgent surgery because of the high mortality, the cause of which is late diagnosis. The operation treatment is often provided in the phase of diffuse peritonitis. This literature review is done in order to identify the most accessible and accurate methods of early diagnosis of the acute mesenteric ischemia. At present time rather a small number of biomarkers for diagnosing the acute mesenteric ischemia are used, such as α-glutamate-S-transferase, D-dimers, procalcitonin, D-lactate, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), ischemia-modified albumin. According to the literature the highest sensitivity and specificity were found in I-FABP (75-85[%] and 70-80[%] respectively), α-glutamate-S-transferase (67.8[%] and 84.2[%]), ischemia-modified albumin (94.7[%] and 86.4[%]). In addition, expensive and invasive methods are currently used for early diagnosis, such as CT angiography, contrast-enhanced MRI, selective angiography