Interactive effects of age and gender on levels of toxic and potentially toxic metals in children hair in different urban environments
Skal`ny'j A. V., Skal`naya M. G., Grabeklis A. R., Zhegalova I. V., Serebryansky E. P., Demidov V. A., Salnikova E. V., Uzhentseva M. S., Lobanova Y. N., Skalny A. A., Tin`kov A. A.
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
Vol.98, Issue6, P. 520-535
Опубликовано: 2018
Тип ресурса: Статья
DOI:10.1080/03067319.2018.1480763
Аннотация:
Children growth and development may be affected by metal exposure. The objective of the present study was to investigate the interactive effects of age and gender on children hair toxic metal levels in urban environment of two Russian cities. A total of 2021 children living in Moscow and Novosibirsk aged 1–18 years old were examined. Hair Al, As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb and Sn levels were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry in dynamic reaction cell mode. Children from Novosibirsk were characterised by higher hair Al (37[%]), As (385[%]), Cd (127[%]), Hg (11[%]), Ni (23[%]), Pb (72[%]) and Sn (25[%]) in comparison to Moscow values. In the general cohort, boys had higher Al (13[%]), As (51[%]), Cd (65[%]), Pb (63[%]) and Sn (18[%]) levels, whereas hair Ni was higher in girls (17[%]). Further analysis demonstrated age-specific gender differences. In particular, only hair Ni and Cd levels were higher in male toddlers and pre-schoolers from Novosibirsk as compared to females. No gender difference was
Ключевые слова:
age; gender differences; Hair; pollution rate; trace elements
Mass spectrometry; Metals; Pollution; Urban planning; Dynamic reaction cell; Gender differences; Growth and development; Hair; Interactive effect; International union of pure and applied chemistries; Potentially toxic metals; Urban environments; Trace elements
Язык текста: Английский
ISSN: 1029-0397
Skal`ny'j A. V. Anatolij Viktorovich 1962-
Skal`naya M. G. Margarita Gennadievna 1968-
Grabeklis A. R. Andrej Robertovich 1971-
Zhegalova I. V. Irina Vladimirovna 1995-
Serebryansky E. P.
Demidov V. A.
Salnikova E. V.
Uzhentseva M. S.
Lobanova Y. N.
Skalny A. A.
Tin`kov A. A. Aleksej Alekseevich 1989-
Скальный А. В. Анатолий Викторович 1962-
Скальная М. Г. Маргарита Геннадиевна 1968-
Грабеклис А. Р. Андрей Робертович 1971-
Жегалова И. В. Ирина Владимировна 1995-
Серебрянскy Е. П.
Демидов В. А.
Салникова Е. В.
Уженцева М. С.
Лобанова Y. Н.
Скалнy А. А.
Тиньков А. А. Алексей Алексеевич 1989-
Interactive effects of age and gender on levels of toxic and potentially toxic metals in children hair in different urban environments
Текст визуальный непосредственный
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
Gordon and Breach Science Publishers
Vol.98, Issue6 P. 520-535
2018
Статья
age gender differences Hair pollution rate trace elements
Mass spectrometry Metals Pollution Urban planning Dynamic reaction cell Gender differences Growth and development Hair Interactive effect International union of pure and applied chemistries Potentially toxic metals Urban environments Trace elements
Children growth and development may be affected by metal exposure. The objective of the present study was to investigate the interactive effects of age and gender on children hair toxic metal levels in urban environment of two Russian cities. A total of 2021 children living in Moscow and Novosibirsk aged 1–18 years old were examined. Hair Al, As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb and Sn levels were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry in dynamic reaction cell mode. Children from Novosibirsk were characterised by higher hair Al (37[%]), As (385[%]), Cd (127[%]), Hg (11[%]), Ni (23[%]), Pb (72[%]) and Sn (25[%]) in comparison to Moscow values. In the general cohort, boys had higher Al (13[%]), As (51[%]), Cd (65[%]), Pb (63[%]) and Sn (18[%]) levels, whereas hair Ni was higher in girls (17[%]). Further analysis demonstrated age-specific gender differences. In particular, only hair Ni and Cd levels were higher in male toddlers and pre-schoolers from Novosibirsk as compared to females. No gender difference was